Causes of Horse Ulcers

Ask the Vet
Lindsay Butzer, DVM
Doctor of Veterinary Medicine
Dr. Lindsay Butzer
Back to results
Enter Your Information All fields are required

While efforts are made to answer all questions as quickly as possible, if an immediate answer is required or if your pet is in need of urgent or emergency care, contact your pet's veterinarian immediately.

*Please note: Questions submitted and the answers will appear on our website as a benefit to all pet owners. Please make sure not to include any personal information in the box where you enter your question.

Ask the Vet
Lindsay Butzer, DVM
Doctor of Veterinary Medicine
Dr. Lindsay Butzer
Thank you! Your question has been submitted.

You will receive an answer from Dr. Lindsay and our vet/tech team as soon as possible, usually the same day.

All answers are provided for informational or educational purposes only, and are intended to be a supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise and professional judgment of your pet's veterinarian.

It may be necessary to consult your pet's veterinarian regarding the applicability of any opinions or recommendations with respect to your pet's symptoms or medical condition.

Close
Ask the Vet
Lindsay Butzer, DVM
Doctor of Veterinary Medicine
Dr. Lindsay Butzer
Oops! Your question has not been submitted.

An error has occurred, please reload the page and try again.

Close
Ask the Vet
Got questions? Ask Our Vet Team:

While efforts are made to answer all questions as quickly as possible, if an immediate answer is required or if your pet is in need of urgent or emergency care, contact your pet's veterinarian immediately.

Do these answer your question?
Showing of | See All
Have another question, or can’t find your answer?
Submit your question
We're Sorry!

There is no answer related to your question

Can’t find your answer?
Submit your question
Category
Back

What are horse ulcers?

Horse ulcers are non-healing sores. These sores can develop outside the body in skin and inside the body in the lining of the stomach and intestines (colon). Ulcers in horses mostly occur in the stomach (gastric ulcers).
The horse stomach is different from the human stomach. The horse stomach has two sections: an upper section lined with squamous cells that does not have a thick mucous coat, and a lower glandular-secreting section that is lined by mucus. Most gastric ulcers occur in the upper non-glandular section because it is not protected by mucus. Mucus is such a good barrier that the lower glandular section of the stomach where hydrochloric acid is produced is well protected. Some horses also have ulcers in the intestine, especially in the first section of the intestine (duodenum) that accepts food directly from the stomach. A few horses have ulcers throughout the intestines (colonic ulcers).
Ulcers affect horses by causing pain and poor performance. Ulcers can be an irritating illness—or they can be fatal if they erode through the stomach or colon and cause bleeding and peritonitis.

Key facts about ulcers in horses

  • Between 60-90% of foals and stalled weanlings have ulcers.
  • Over 90% of racehorses have ulcers.
  • Over 60% of performance horses have ulcers.
Recommendedproducts for horse ulcers

Which horses develop ulcers?

According to Dr. Michael Murray in the Equine Veterinary Journal, about 60% of foals and 60% of performance horses have ulcers. Other equine veterinarians believe the number of foals with ulcers reaches 90%. Performance horses include event and dressage horses, and horses transported to trials or shows. Veterinarians who examined the stomachs of racehorses and weanlings confirmed that over 90% of racehorses and over 90% of stalled weanlings have ulcers. Stallions kept in the vicinity of females, including colts kept in the vicinity of their mothers, develop ulcers. Horses housed at home but undergoing training are also prone to ulcers.
It takes about five days for stressed horses to develop ulcers. This includes horses hauled to shows, horses housed in stalls they are unfamiliar with, and horses fed twice a day rather than allowed to graze throughout the day.

Causes of horse ulcers

Several factors contribute to the development of ulcers, including stress, high carbohydrate diets, being fed twice a day instead of grazing, and physical activity:

Stress
Since horses evolved with a nervous system that is highly responsive to stress, they are exceptionally sensitive to the stress hormone, cortisol. It's the interaction of cortisol with the vagus nerve, which controls digestion, that causes ulcers. Circumstances that contribute to ulcer development are those that increase cortisol: shipping, performing, changing diets, and changing schedules. Thus, horses in training that are shipped to events are prone to ulcers even though they enjoy performing and may appear unstressed.

High carbohydrate diets
High carbohydrate diets can predispose horses to ulcers and acid reflux. Carbohydrates release volatile fatty acids that enter stomach cells and encourage ulcer development.

Being fed twice a day rather than grazing
Horses fed twice a day rather than allowed to graze on pasture are prone to ulcers. This is because grazing 8-16 hours a day stimulates constant saliva flow. Saliva has a basic pH and is the opposite of the stomach acidic pH. A constant flow of saliva neutralizes stomach acid. Horses evolved eating almost continuously, so their stomachs evolved to release acid steadily during the day. When horses are fed only twice a day, gastric acids are produced continuously, but there is insufficient saliva to buffer the stomach contents and keep the lining of the stomach ulcer free.

Physical activity
Horses undergoing physical activity, such as racing, may develop ulcers because exercise causes abdominal muscles to contract. Abdominal contractions force bile and acidic contents from the intestine back into the stomach where they irritate the stomach lining and cause ulcers.

Tip

Crush Sucralfate tablets for better absorption.

We'll contact your Vet to verify.
3.6 out of 5 Customer Rating
Star symbol Star symbol Star symbol Star symbol Star symbol
Save 35% with AutoShip.
Use code SAVE35
$41.39
Shop now
We'll contact your Vet to verify.
5 out of 5 Customer Rating
Star symbol Star symbol Star symbol Star symbol Star symbol
Prescription Item
Save 35% with AutoShip.
Use code SAVE35
$0.61
Shop now